BCRW 2022 - Revision history

Abel Maciel: /* BIM Single Source of Truth for Construction Supply Chain (CSC) */

2022-07-03T12:09:22Z

‎BIM Single Source of Truth for Construction Supply Chain (CSC)

Abel Maciel at 20:33, 2 July 2022

2022-07-02T20:33:52Z

Abel Maciel: /* Smart contracts for construction contracts: challenges and potential research directions */

2022-07-02T20:19:38Z

‎Smart contracts for construction contracts: challenges and potential research directions

Abel Maciel: /* Smart Contracts for Construction Contracts */

2022-07-02T20:18:43Z

‎Smart Contracts for Construction Contracts

Abel Maciel at 23:46, 26 June 2022

2022-06-26T23:46:29Z

Abel Maciel: /* BIM Single Source of Truth for Construction Supply Chain (CSC) */

2022-06-26T23:38:46Z

‎BIM Single Source of Truth for Construction Supply Chain (CSC)

Abel Maciel: /* Confidenciality-minded Framework for Blockchain-Based BIM Design Collaboration */

2022-06-26T23:37:48Z

‎Confidenciality-minded Framework for Blockchain-Based BIM Design Collaboration

Abel Maciel: /* Confidenciality-minded Framework for Blockchain-Based BIM Design Collaboration */

2022-06-26T23:37:33Z

‎Confidenciality-minded Framework for Blockchain-Based BIM Design Collaboration

Abel Maciel: /* Construction Management Process Automation using Blockchain and Smart Contracts */

2022-06-26T23:35:43Z

‎Construction Management Process Automation using Blockchain and Smart Contracts

Abel Maciel: /* Harnessing Blockchain Technology and the Platform Business Model to Improve Regulatory Compliance and Enhance Interoperability Within the Built Environment Technology Ecosystems */

2022-06-26T23:34:49Z

‎Harnessing Blockchain Technology and the Platform Business Model to Improve Regulatory Compliance and Enhance Interoperability Within the Built Environment Technology Ecosystems

@@ Line 14: / Line 14: @@
 ==Session 1: Information Management==
 ===BIM Single Source of Truth for Construction Supply Chain (CSC)===
-[http://www.linkedin.com/in/amer-hijazi-1b96185b/ Amer Hijaz]
+[http://www.linkedin.com/in/amer-hijazi-1b96185b/ Amer Hijazi]
-Despite a large amount of BIM data at the handover stage, it is still difficult to identify and effectively isolate valuable Construction Supply Chain (CSC) data that needs to be reliably handed over for operation. Moreover, the role of reconciling disparate data is usually played by one party. The integration of blockchain and BIM is a plausible framework for building a reliable digital asset lifecycle. This workshop demonstrates the technological feasibility of the BIM single source of truth (BIMSSoT) data model using blockchain to ensure a reliable CSC data delivery. It will commence by demonstrating the suitability of the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain platform for the identified requirements owing to its features and benefits through the Simple Multi Attribute Rating Technique (SMART) method. Subsequently, the system architecture independent of technology, including external entities, the blockchain network, the REST Application Programming Interface (API), the web server, and the BIM platform will be illustrated followed by the system architecture which includes software components of Hyperledger Fabric. Then the execution of the smart contract to enforce a reliable CSC data delivery operating in blockchain (on-chain) and centrally stored in BIM will be demonstrated. The demonstration will clearly articulate that if some data in the BIM model are changed, the dataset operating in the blockchain will remain unchanged and the mismatch will ensure traceability and detection of an unauthorised modification to the BIM model. In the contrary, if some data is overwritten in the blockchain database (BIMSSoT database), the system will store the history of transactions thereby ensuring traceability for the CSC data delivery.
+Despite a large amount of BIM data at the handover stage, it is still difficult to identify and effectively isolate valuable Construction Supply Chain (CSC) data that needs to be reliably handed over for operation. Moreover, the role of reconciling disparate data is usually played by one party. The integration of blockchain and BIM is a plausible framework for building a reliable digital asset lifecycle. This workshop demonstrates the technological feasibility of the BIM single source of truth (BIMSSoT) data model using blockchain to ensure a reliable CSC data delivery. It will commence by demonstrating the suitability of the Hyperledger Fabric blockchain platform for the identified requirements owing to its features and benefits through the Simple Multi-Attribute Rating Technique (SMART) method. Subsequently, the system architecture independent of technology, including external entities, the blockchain network, the REST Application Programming Interface (API), the web server, and the BIM platform will be illustrated followed by the system architecture which includes software components of Hyperledger Fabric. Then the execution of the smart contract to enforce a reliable CSC data delivery operating in blockchain (on-chain) and centrally stored in BIM will be demonstrated. The demonstration will clearly articulate that if some data in the BIM model are changed, the dataset operating in the blockchain will remain unchanged and the mismatch will ensure traceability and detection of an unauthorised modification to the BIM model. In the contrary, if some data is overwritten in the blockchain database (BIMSSoT database), the system will store the history of transactions thereby ensuring traceability for the CSC data delivery.
 ===Decentralised Information Management Along the Entire Lifecycle of the Building Asset===

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 [[Category:Blockchain in Construction]]
-[[File:CBC-Logo.png|right|250px|link=CBC_2021]]
+[[File:CBC-Logo.png|right|250px|link=https://www.constructionblockchain.org/]]
 Contents of the ''3rd Blockchain in Construction Research Workshop'', hosted by Northumbria University in collaboration with the Construction Blockchain Consortium. The workshop took place on the 20th and 21st of June 2022 in the Department of Mechanical & Construction Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Environment, Northumbria University, Amsterdam Campus. This workshop presented early and ongoing research in the field of blockchain and distributed ledger technologies for the construction sector.

@@ Line 77: / Line 77: @@
 ===Smart contracts for construction contracts: challenges and potential research directions===
-[[Mahir Msawil]]
+[[Mahir Msawil, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom]]
 Construction contracts define rights and obligations of contracting parties within a legal context using codified provisions. The construction contract administration (CCA) process executes these codified provisions across the contract life cycle to protect contractual rights and ensure the fulfilment of contractual obligations. In theory and practice, the norm has been to execute the CCA process manually by human agents according to the paper-based conditions of contract signed by contracting parties. However, industry reports and academic research have both reported that poor CCA is one of the biggest challenges encountered in the construction industry. The reported causes behind poor CCA include:(i) misinterpretation and misapplication of contractual provisions, (ii) deliberate negligence and refusal to execute contractual mechanisms and provisions, (iii) ineffective communication, and (iv) inaccessibility to contemporary records of events. Blockchain and its associated smart contracts have both emerged in the construction research field to offer potential partial or fully automated solutions to typical challenges encountered in construction projects. Hence, blockchain-enabled smart contracts may eliminate or reduce the occurrence of the aforementioned causes. Yet, the implementation of blockchain-enabled smart contracts for construction contracts is reported to face challenges at the practical level of implementation. In this context, a systematic literature review conducted for a wider research study coupled with a reflection on CCA practice reveals multiple challenges. Hereby, four challenges are presented and contextualized within practice-based scenarios from the perspective of a four-dimensional model (i.e., process, policy, social, and technical dimensions). Subsequently, a set of potential future research questions is presented for prospective researchers with the aim of advancing the implementation of blockchain in construction.

@@ Line 76: / Line 76: @@
 The proof of concept outcomes will enable the comparison between the innovative framework and traditional approaches, especially in terms of shorter time and effort, accuracy and reliability of delivered information and guaranteed reward. The proof of concept will also enable the economic analysis of the performance of the proposed technologies and, due to their disruptive nature, the identification of main limitations and further developments of the research.
-===Smart Contracts for Construction Contracts===
+===Smart contracts for construction contracts: challenges and potential research directions===
-[[Mahir Msawii]]
+[[Mahir Msawil]]
 ==Session 4: Blockchain in Construction==

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 [[Category:CBC]]
-[[Category:CBC2021]]
+[[Category:Workshop]]
-[[Category:CBC Proceedings]]
+[[Category:Blockchain in Construction]]
 [[File:CBC-Logo.png|right|250px|link=CBC_2021]]

@@ Line 99: / Line 99: @@
 within the access-controlled blockchain network. An illustrative design example validates the feasibility and
 performance of the proposed CMF, which has acceptable latency and storage cost. The results also show that the
-sensitive BIM data are effectively kept confidential when project members collaborate within the CMF
+sensitive BIM data are effectively kept confidential when project members collaborate within the CMF.
 ==Session 5: Governance==

@@ Line 86: / Line 86: @@
 ===Confidenciality-minded Framework for Blockchain-Based BIM Design Collaboration===
-[[Xingyu Tao]]
+[http://www.linkedin.cn/incareer/in/xingyu-tao-30934b192 Xingyu Tao]
 ==Session 5: Governance==

@@ Line 22: / Line 22: @@
 ===Construction Management Process Automation using Blockchain and Smart Contracts===
-[[Xuling Ye]]
+[https://www.inf.bi.ruhr-uni-bochum.de/ Xuling Ye]
 ===Harnessing Blockchain Technology and the Platform Business Model to Improve Regulatory Compliance and Enhance Interoperability Within the Built Environment Technology Ecosystems===

@@ Line 28: / Line 28: @@
 Harnessing blockchain technology and the Platform business model to improve regulatory compliance and enhance interoperability within the Built environment technology ecosystems.
- ‘Silo-working’, also referred to a fragmentation is a persisting issue in industries which service our Built Environment, from designing through building to occupying and managing.   Across the whole life of an asset, like the variety of disciplines required, so too is a variety of technology-based solutions required leading to Technological Fragmentation.
 Notably, Technological fragmentation and lack of interoperability are leading factors for the perceived slow pace of digital transformation in the Built Environment, despite a bourgeoning Tech ecosystem and willingness and incentive for change.
-Building bridges between fragmented technology and data offerings has proved to be a genuine challenge.  The term Coopetition summarised as an environment where “natural competitors need to cooperate…; Conflicts with the training given to legions of MBA students and long-held beliefs in management science.” [2] This suggests potentially commercialism and competitiveness rather than Technology itself, which is fuelling fragmentation, and only gradual digital transformation to date.
 Acknowledging coopetition is a perceived barrier to bridging technological fragmentation, can the ubiquitous requirement for regulatory compliance throughout a built asset’s whole life offer a common standard for stakeholders to collaborate on a project?
 Would an overarching digital protocol for regulatory compliance, if supported by the relevant regulatory bodies, offer sufficient alignment and strategic incentive to attract competitors to a collaborative network focusing on regulatory compliance?
 Prin-D Technology has partnered with the Manchester Alliance Business school to investigate how the platform business model can be leveraged to create and expand a built environment technological ecosystem, centred on regulatory compliance. Prin-D Technology already uses Blockchain to offer building owners and developers an information management platform and single source of compliance information.
 The research will analyse the viability of a Blockchain enabled product transitioning into a Platform and developing a compliance ecosystem which overarches asset lifecycles, and traverses’ technological silos.